Is it possible to send an analog signal from another chip that takes an 1/8" mic input and converts it to a PCM signal to the RN-52 Breakout, and then have the RN52 transmit audio to a speaker or bluetooth enabled device?
Unfortunately no, the RN-52 is a audio sink device rather than an audio source device. You can connect too it with a phone (audio source device) and send audio to/from it but it’s not able to connect to a Bluetooth speaker or another audio sink.