newbee help with sensor shield v4.0

Hi I have a arduino mega board with a sensor shield v4.o mounted ontop. How do I know what pins I am accessing when I write code?I have a light sensor hooked up to pin A0 (on the shield) but am getting no response when I run code? so in essence…how do I know what pin to access for input from my sensors…Yes it probably seems a stupid question but its driving me crazy!any help would be great as im not electronically inclined but am trying to learn!

Mr Mouse