I’ve used Wiggler clone from Olimex(ARM-JTAG) with STM32F103VB on my own board in Crossworks without problem. Crossworks is not very picky about Wiggler - it supports multiple hw versions, also parallel port can be set to ECP. I’m able to run it at full speed - JTAG divider 1 (around 400 kHz) with 1.5 m long extension cable (25pin to 25 pin).
Crossworks with Wiggler supports STM32 debugging and flash programming without problem.
I suggest to use scope to see what is happening on JTAG pins.