Position and distance sensors on a costume

Please let me know if I should use fewer words.

I am a beginner, so the following has assumptions.

This question is about how technologies (specifically, positioning systems) on athletes’ bodies (that are used to keep track of where parts of athletes’ bodies were) might also be able to be used to control LEDs on a dancer’s costume.

To make a better dance, I think technologies used with the discus throw might help me overcome the problems of accuracy/precision and line-of-sight, that I think I’ll run into. One reason that I’m comparing the dance to the discus throw (and not a long straight bike race) is because (in the race) the athletes’ bodies stay more towards the same direction, instead of twisting a lot. One dance that I want to make has a lot of twisting in it (without dancers’ bodies staying towards the same direction) like throwers twist (before they release a discus).

At this time, instead of inertial sensing, I’d like to try electronics (on parts of thrower’s/dancer’s bodies) working together with other electronics (external to what is on their bodies), as part of the positioning system. The second reason that I’m comparing the dance to the discus throw (and not the long straight bike race) is because (in the race) the bikers’ travel, instead of staying in one place. In one dance that I want to make, instead of travelling (like bikers do), dancers stay in one place (on a dance floor) just like throwers stay in one place (in a circle, inside of which a thrower throws a discus).

If there are reliable positioning systems like what I described, what are they called, and can I get up-to-date print books about the systems?

Thank you.

If I can use an inside out system, I’d still be interested in other systems, so I can compare all of the systems with each other.